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The development of chemical microinstrumentation is a rapidly expanding field. The interest of this laboratory is in the application of micromachining and microfabrication technology to chemical and biochemical sensors and to instrumentation. New semiconductor fabrication methods can be adapted to the design and fabrication of three dimensional structures, which may be used as chemical sensors. Microfluidic devices, capable of sample pretreatment, reaction and separation all integrated onto a single microchip are a new development arising from this technology. We refer to these devices as a lab-on-a-chip, and they are the focus of much of our present work.
The lab-on-a-chip is based on microfabricated flow channels etched into glass or silicon substrates. We can perform capillary electrophoresis within these channels, to provide a powerful integrated separation technique. We use the phenomenon of electroosmotic flow as a pumping mechanism, allowing for fluid transport within the chip, without a need for pumps or even valves, as the fluid follows the path of the electric field. Consequently, we can integrate both flow injection analysis methods for sample processing with separation methods. Rections such as enzyme digestions of proteins or DNA can be performed on-chip, followed by separation of the products. We have even begun to transport, manipulate and process biological cells as part of an effort to develop a complete biosample processing and analysis system on a microchip scale. Students working on these projects gain expertise in microfabrication, bioanalytical chemistry, separation science and fluid mechanics, as well as the computer and electronic control techniques needed to operate the chips.
The lab-on-a-chip is based on microfabricated flow channels etched into glass or silicon substrates. We can perform capillary electrophoresis within these channels, to provide a powerful integrated separation technique. We use the phenomenon of electroosmotic flow as a pumping mechanism, allowing for fluid transport within the chip, without a need for pumps or even valves, as the fluid follows the path of the electric field. Consequently, we can integrate both flow injection analysis methods for sample processing with separation methods. Rections such as enzyme digestions of proteins or DNA can be performed on-chip, followed by separation of the products. We have even begun to transport, manipulate and process biological cells as part of an effort to develop a complete biosample processing and analysis system on a microchip scale. Students working on these projects gain expertise in microfabrication, bioanalytical chemistry, separation science and fluid mechanics, as well as the computer and electronic control techniques needed to operate the chips.
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Social Science Research Networkno. 12 (2023): 2257
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