Group: Neoplasia and Endocrine Differentiation. We work in human thyroid cells both normal and neoplastic (adenomas, carcinomas, and goiters). Our Bank of Thyroid Tumours in Culture (BANTTIC) stores cells from patient's surgery investigating mechanisms of thyroid physiology and cancer. We also study the pituitary, from stem cells to secretory cells. We discovered a niche of stem cells conserved from rodents to humans, and a pathway relating dependence receptors (RET/GDNF) & Pit1 to apoptosis.