His primary research area is allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. He also maintains keen interest in interventional pulmonology and meta-analysis.
He was awarded the ICMR Kamal Satbir Award for the year 2009, the NASI-Scopus Young Scientist Award (Medicine category) for the year 2011, the ICMR Shakuntala Amir Chand Award for the year 2012, the ICMR Chaturvedi Ghanshyam Das Jaigopal Memorial Award for the year 2019, and the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award for the year 2020, for his work in the field of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.
Dr. Agarwal is Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians, Asian Pacific Society of Respirology, Indian Chest Society and Royal College of Physicians of Glasgow.