Dr. Niederman's career is dedicated to the care of patients with complex lung diseases, with a particular focus on respiratory tract infections including pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), sepsis and respiratory failure. He is an expert in the management of patients with pneumonia, has written national and international pneumonia guidelines, and researches new therapies for pneumonia that can optimize treatment of patients infected with antibiotic-resistant pathogens.

Dr. Niederman has published over 350 articles and book chapters related to these efforts and is active in national pulmonary and critical organizations. He received the Laureate Award from the American College of Physicians. He is currently on the editorial boards of CHEST, Critical Care Medicine, Critical Care, and Intensive Care Medicine.