Goodman's research interests focus primarily on biomarker development and the role of metabolic abnormalities in disease risk and survival; the development of clinical interventions that slow disease progression and reduce the toxicity of treatment; and infectious disease and hormonal carcinogenesis. His strengths include the design and implementation of prospective cohort studies and clinical trials in diverse populations that involve both biological and clinical outcomes. Goodman has had major roles in managing large, multi-center data and specimen collection efforts that accrue to centralized repositories, including All of Us and Nutrition for Precision Health (UG1 HD107711).