Joseph Tony Pembroke

ICE's Integrative Conjugative Elements are mobile bacterial genetic elements that encode adaptive functions. We study the SXT/R391 group and were the first to sequence the prototype member R391. We have characterised many elements including R997 the first such ICE to circulate in India and recovered in the late 1970's, an ice recovered from the deep sea in the Pacific, ICESpuPO1. pMERPH an ICE recovered from the Mersey and the first ICE recovered in Ireland without seclection ICEPmIRE1.