Ingemar Ernberg’s work has dealt with tumor viruses in man, cancer genetics, lymphoma biology, transcritional regulation (HIV, EBV) and epigenetics (methylation). One seminal discovery established that the B-lymphocyte is the site of EBV-latency in vivo (Gratama et al, PNAS, 1988), another one on the regulation of EBV by epigenetic methylation. More recent interests have dealt with genomic signatures and global gene expression profiles, as well as designing methods to allow quick analysis of the gut normal flora. This has led to an increasing interest in tissue biology, self-organization of biological systems and the possibilities and limits of simulations in silico as an additional scientific tool.