Chikwe Ihekweazu

About the Authors Chikwe Ihekweazu, MBBS, MPH, FFPH is a Consultant Epidemiologist at Public Health England and National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa. Fortune Ncube, BSc, BMed Sci, BM BS, DRCOG, MSc PHM, FFPHM, FRIPH is a Consultant Epidemiologist at Public Health England. Barry Schoub, MD, DSc, FRCPath is Professor Emeritus of Virology, University of the Witwatersrand and former Director, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa. Lucille Blumberg, MB BCh, MMed, FFTM, DTM&H, DOH, DCH is a Consultant Microbiologist and Infectious Diseases Specialist and Deputy Director at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa. Ruth Ruggles, BM BCh (Oxon), MSc, FFPH is a Consultant in Public Health Medicine at Public Health England. Mark Salter, MBBS, MSc, PhD, MFPHM is Global Health Consultant at Public Health England. Shabir A. Madhi, MBBCh, FCPaeds(SA), PhD is Infectious Disease Specialist and Executive Director at National Institute for Communicable Diseases, South Africa. Anthony S. Kessel, MBBS, MSc, FFPH, MRCGP, MD is Director of International Public Health at Public Health England and formerly Director for Public Health Strategy at HPA.