Current gut-on-a-chip platforms for clarifying the interactions between diet, gut microbiota, and host health

•The gut-on-a-chip technology has emerged as a very promising in vitro tool.•Deep insight into the diet-microbiota-host crosstalk is possible with the technology.•The advances in the construction of the gut-on-a-chip models are summarized.•The advantages of five classified models are discussed for food nutrition research.