Identifying Signatures of Past and Present Cryovolcanism on Europa

Elodie Lesage,Samuel M Howell,Marc Neveu, Julia W Miller, Mariam Naseem,Mohit Melwani Daswani, Justine Villette,Steven D Vance

Nature communications（2025）

California Institute of Technology | Jet Propulsion Laboratory | Department of Astronomy | Department of Geology | LPG UMR 6112

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Abstract

Europa, the most visibly active icy moon of Jupiter, is a prime target for the search for life in the outer solar system. Two spacecraft missions, Europa Clipper from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE) from the European Space Agency (ESA), will observe its surface, probe its interior structure, and characterize the space environment starting in 2030. Occasional eruptions of water sourced from Europa's interior may provide a window on the interior conditions and habitability of the moon. Here, we investigate the storage and evolution of briny water in Europa's ice shell and propose a framework to interpret spectral, thermal, radar and gravity data collected by future missions. We show that it is possible to discriminate between water erupting from the deep ocean or from shallow liquid reservoirs using combined measurements of the material's salinity, surface temperature and ice shell thickness.

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【要点】：本研究探讨了木星的卫星欧罗巴上盐水储存与演化，并提出了一个分析框架，通过未来任务收集的光谱、热、雷达和重力数据来区分水源自深海或浅层水库，揭示了识别欧罗巴过去和现在冰火山活动的迹象。

【方法】：研究构建了一个分析框架，结合物质的盐度、表面温度和冰壳厚度的综合测量来区分水源。

【实验】：文章没有详细描述具体实验，但提出的方法将应用于欧罗巴 Clipper 和 JUICE 任务收集的数据，数据集名称未在摘要中提及，结果指出可以通过所提出的测量方法来区分水源。

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