In Vitro Efficacy of Phage Therapy Against Common Biofilm-forming Pathogens in Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery.

Alberto Alfieri Zellner, Dieter Christian Wirtz,Frank Alexander Schildberg

Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie（2025）

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Abstract

Formation of biofilms by bacteria is a major challenge in a clinical setting. The importance of these biofilms increases in specialties where foreign bodies and prosthetic material are used. Orthopaedics is such a speciality and phage therapy could offer additional therapeutic options when dealing with biofilm infections.We conducted a systematic literature review using the PubMed database. We searched for phage activity against biofilms of the most common pathogens found in orthopaedics.The results of the systematic review were broken down into different categories and discussed accordingly. We concentrated on the time the biofilms were allowed to mature, and the surface they were grown on. In addition, we checked the efficacy of bacteriophages compared to antibiotics and when applied simultaneously with antibiotics. We also investigated the source of the phages, how they were tested for sensibility against the biofilms, as well the conditions (pH, temperature) under which they remained active and stable.The data suggests that the in vitro efficacy of phages does not change under a wide spectrum of temperature and pH. To further explore the use of bacteriophages in orthopaedics, we need further studies that test biofilms which matured for several weeks on surfaces that are common in arthroplasty and traumatology.

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【要点】：本文通过系统文献回顾，探究噬菌体疗法对抗骨科和创伤手术中常见生物膜形成病原体的体外疗效，并提出其作为一种治疗生物膜感染的潜在新策略。

【方法】：作者使用PubMed数据库进行系统文献回顾，分析噬菌体对骨科常见病原体生物膜的活性。

【实验】：研究未具体描述实验操作，但回顾了不同条件下（包括生物膜的成熟时间、生长表面、噬菌体与抗生素的联合使用、噬菌体的来源和敏感性测试、pH和温度条件）噬菌体的体外活性，数据表明噬菌体在广泛的温度和pH范围内保持活性。实验使用的数据集来自PubMed数据库的系统文献回顾结果。