Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Quality, Yield and Quality of Mustard

【Objective】Purple leaf mustard is a new variety of mustard with high anthocyanin bred by crossing green leaf Shuidong mustard (A national product of geographical indication in China), and its fertilization technology needs to be further studied. Replacing part of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer is considered to be a more effective fertilization measure for soil improvement and increase of crop yield and quality. It is of great significance to provide guidance for the scientific production of mustard by studying the effects of different fertilization treatments on soil properties, yield and quality of mustard.【Method】In the study, the Ganoderma lucidum residue compost was used as the tested organic fertilizer, the green leaf Shuidong mustard and purple leaf mustard were used as the tested crops for pot experiment. Taking the single application of chemical fertilizer (conventional application of compound fertilizer only) as control (CK), under the condition of 3/4 reduction of chemical fertilizer, three treatments of low (7.90 g), medium (15.80 g) and high (31.60 g) mushroom residue compost were set: T1, T2 and T3, the indexes of soil pH value, physical clay (PC, < 0.01 mm), OM, AN, AP, AK, PH, FW, RL, Chl, Ant, SS and Vc contents of mustard after harvest were measured, and the differences of soil properties and yield and quality of mustard under different treatments were analyzed.【Result】The results showed that, with the increase of the amount of G. lucidum residue compost, except for soil pH value and PC content, the other 11 indexes showed an increasing trend. The soil OM, RL, SS and Vc content of T1, T2 and T3 were higher than those of CK, while the AN content was lower than that of CK; the contents of soil AP, AK, FW, Chl and Ant of mustard of T3 were higher than those of CK, and the PH of T3 and CK were equivalent, but higher than that of T2 and T1. Compared with CK, the soil OM, AP and AK contents of green leaf Shuidong mustard and purple leaf mustard under T3 increased by 13.24%/14.28%, 6.74%/6.06% and 6.43%/6.04%, AN content decreased by 0.81%/1.45%, respectively; FW, RL, the contents of Chl, SS and Vc of two kinds of mustards increased by 0.33%/6.64%, 34.65%/43.29%, 11.03%/6.53%, 53.36%/44.45% and 16.66%/15.44%, respectively. Under the same treatment, the PH, RL, FW, Chl, Ant, SS, and Vc content of purple leaf mustard were significantly higher than those of green leaf Shuidong mustard.【Conclusion】It shows that the G. lucidum residue compost replacing part of chemical fertilizer can improve the soil and the production and quality of mustard, with T3 showing the best fertilizer effect. Under the same fertility, purple leaf mustard has better growth, pigment content and quality tcompared with green leaf Shuidong mustard.