Artificial Intelligence to Advance Earth Observation: A Review of Models, Recent Trends, and Pathways Forward

Earth observation (EO) is increasingly used for mapping and monitoring processes occurring at the surface of Earth. Data acquired by satellites nowadays allow us to have a global view, consistent in time, of the state of our forests, oceans, and growing urban areas. However, such a wealth of data has little value without appropriate processing chains able to convert the pixel values to information useful for decision makers.