High-Precision UWB-Based Real-Time Locating System for Rodent Behavioral Studies

Rodents have long been established as the premier model for behavioral studies, traditionally raised and maintained in conventional cage environments. However, these settings often limit rodents' ability to exhibit their full range of intrinsic behaviors and natural interactions. Precise tracking of animal movement is a critical component in behavioral research, but traditional methods, such as video tracking, present challenges, particularly with nocturnal species like rodents. This study introduces the application of ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor technology to develop a novel tracking system. The UWB DWM1001C sensor was integrated into a custom-made device worn by a single rat. A simplified habitat, measuring four-by-two feet, was used to evaluate system performance. The results show positioning accuracy errors of less than five millimeters for line-of-sight (LoS) and less than 50 millimeters for non-line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios. This research provides a more accurate and reliable approach for animal localization, showcasing the potential of UWB sensor technology in enhancing precision in behavioral studies.