Improvement of the Subcooling Problem of Sodium Acetate Trihydrate by a Combination of Stirring or Internal Electric Field and Nucleating Agent

Energy storage devices are the hub of a multi-energy complementary distributed energy system. Hydrated salts are the most suitable phase change material for energy storage devices, but subcooling is the main obstacle to their application. Nucleation requires a driving force so the use of nucleating agents alone does not reduce subcooling to a very low level. To address this issue, this paper first screened nucleating agents and then further reduced the subcooling of sodium acetate trihydrate in conjunction with stirring or direct current. The effects of rotor mass, rotational speed, direct current voltage, and electrode material on nucleation were analyzed. Finally, the stability of the composite phase change material in the presence of simultaneous stirring and energization was analyzed. The results showed that the addition of 1.5