Silicone Adhesive Multilayer Foam Dressings to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Sacrum Pressure Ulcers: an Economic Evaluation Based on a Publicly Funded Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial Linked with Real-World Data

Objectives To estimate the cost-effectiveness of sacrum multilayer silicone foam dressings as an adjuvant prophylactic therapy compared to standard pressure ulcer prevention in a hospital population at high risk for pressure ulcer development. Methods An economic evaluation is performed from a healthcare payer’s perspective. This evaluation is based on a Belgian publicly funded pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT), linked with real-world data from administrative claims database and a Belgian cost analysis. A cost-consequences analysis with a one-year time horizon is performed. Results The RCT has shown that the risk of developing a new pressure ulcer on the sacrum was statistically significantly reduced by 41% in the treatment group (RR=0.59, 95% CI 0.35-0.98, p=0.04). The absolute risk reduction of 2.0% (95% CI -0.1-4.1%) coincides with a number needed to treat of 50.0 to prevent one new pressure ulcer of category II or worse. The evolution of quality of life is on average negative for patients who developed a pressure ulcer before day 3, while it is positive for patients without pressure ulcers. In a scenario with conservative assumptions, i.e. without inclusion of price discounts for the multilayer silicone foam dressings and only including costs during the hospitalization, pressure ulcer prevention with dressings on the sacrum was already cost-neutral. Conclusions The preventive use of silicone adhesive multilayer foam dressings on the sacrum for a population similar to the pragmatic trial population can be supported both from a clinical and economic point of view.