Large-Area Intercalated Two-Dimensional Pb/Graphene Heterostructure As a Platform for Generating Spin-Orbit Torque.

Alexander Vera,Boyang Zheng，Vincent H. Crespi,Joshua A. Robinson

ACS Nano（2024）

Penn State Univ | Univ Texas Dallas | Lab Phys Sci | McMaster Univ | Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab

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Abstract

A scalable platform to synthesize ultrathin heavy metals may enable high-efficiency charge-to-spin conversion for next-generation spintronics. Here, we report the synthesis of air-stable, epitaxially registered monolayer Pb underneath graphene on SiC (0001) by confinement heteroepitaxy (CHet). Diffraction, spectroscopy, and microscopy reveal that CHet-based Pb intercalation predominantly exhibits a mottled hexagonal superstructure due to an ordered network of Frenkel-Kontorova-like domain walls. The system's air stability enables ex situ spin torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) measurements that demonstrate charge-to-spin conversion in graphene/Pb/ferromagnet heterostructures with a 1.5x increase in the effective field ratio compared to control samples.

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Key words

2D metals,monolayer Pb,spintronics,confinement heteroepitaxy,Frenkel-Kontorova

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