Magnetic-vortex nanodonuts enhance ferroptosis effect of tumor ablation through an integrated imaging-guided hyperthermia/radiosensitization strategy

Pursuing more efficient multifunctional treatment is the main challenge of preclinical nanoparticle-mediated theranostics research. Here, nanoscale magnetite vortex donut shape was synthesized as a platform, and then ultrasmall gold nanoparticles were successfully embedded into the nanoring surface, thereby obtaining gold-modified magnetic vortex donut (GMVD). GMVD has a high photothermal conversion efficiency(η=42.2%), which makes it have excellent photothermal ablation effect on tumors both in vivo and in vitro. Simultaneously, GMVD forms reactive oxygen species (ROS) under the 808 nm laser triggering, inducing ferroptosis. The addition of gold element also makes GMVD have the effect of radiotherapy (RT) sensitization. In conclusion, the synergistic treatment of RT and PTT greatly enhanced tumor ablation, indicating that GMVD has good biocompatibility and antitumor efficacy. This work demonstrates that the proposed GMVD can be a high-performance tumor diagnosis and theranostic treatment agent and may have great potential for clinical application in the future.