MR Radiomics to Predict Microvascular Invasion Status and Biological Process in Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cholangiocarcinoma.

To establish an MRI-based radiomics model for predicting the microvascular invasion (MVI) status of cHCC-CCA and to investigate biological processes underlying the radiomics model. The study consisted of a retrospective dataset (82 in the training set, 36 in the validation set) and a prospective dataset (25 patients in the test set) from two hospitals. Based on the training set, logistic regression analyses were employed to develop the clinical-imaging model, while radiomic features were extracted to construct a radiomics model. The diagnosis performance was further validated in the validation and test sets. Prognostic aspects of the radiomics model were investigated using the Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Differential gene expression analysis and gene ontology (GO) analysis were conducted to explore biological processes underlying the radiomics model based on RNA sequencing data. One hundred forty-three patients (mean age, 56.4 ± 10.5; 114 men) were enrolled, in which 73 (51.0