Effects of Sm2O3 Addition on the Dielectric and Energy Storage Properties of BaTiO3 Ceramics

BaTiO3 (BTO) is the most widely used dielectric material for capacitors. However, the use of pure BTO ceramics in capacitors is limited because of the extensive changes in the dielectric properties associated with the phase transition at the Curie temperature (Tc), which results in low dielectric characteristics at room temperature (RT). The properties of BTO ceramics, such as RT dielectric properties, dielectric breakdown strength (DBS), and temperature and electrical field stability, can be modulated by adding the dopants. In this work, we studied the changes in the dielectric properties and energy storage performance of BTO ceramics with the addition of Sm2O3. BTO ceramics were synthesized via a solid-state route, and varying amounts (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.5 mol