Kinetics and Equilibrium Study for the Adsorption of Maxilon Blue Dye on Prosopis juliflora Fruit Seeds as a Low-Cost Adsorbent

The aim of this work was to investigate the adsorption capacity of Maxilon Blue dye using Prosopis juliflora fruit seeds as an adsorbent. The seeds of P. Juliflora were utilized as a low-cost adsorbent to remove the cationic dye, Maxilon Blue, from an aqueous solution in batch experiments, examining the effects of mass, pH, contact time and initial dye concentration. Three error functions -coefficient of determination, Chisquare, and the sum of error squares - were employed to assess the adsorption data. The adsorption equilibrium was characterized using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. The equilibrium data closely followed the Langmuir model, indicating a maximum adsorption capacity of 85.54 mg/g on a monolayer. To elucidate the adsorption mechanisms, pseudo -first -order and pseudo -second -order kinetic models were applied. The kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption process conformed best to the pseudo -second -order model. Consequently, this study demonstrates that P. juliflora fruit seeds are an effective, economical, and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of Maxilon Blue dye from aqueous solutions.