Observation of stacking engineered magnetic phase transitions within moiré supercells of twisted van der Waals magnets
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Twist engineering of magnetic van der Waals (vdW) moiré superlattices
provides an attractive way to achieve precise nanoscale control over the spin
degree of freedom on two-dimensional flatland. Despite the very recent
demonstrations of moiré magnetism featuring exotic phases with noncollinear
spin order in twisted vdW magnet chromium triiodide CrI3, the local magnetic
interactions, spin dynamics, and magnetic phase transitions within and across
individual moiré supercells remain elusive. Taking advantage of a scanning
single-spin magnetometry platform, here we report observation of two distinct
magnetic phase transitions with separate critical temperatures within a moiré
supercell of small-angle twisted double trilayer CrI3. By measuring temperature
dependent spin fluctuations at the coexisting ferromagnetic and
antiferromagnetic regions in twisted CrI3, we explicitly show that the Curie
temperature of the ferromagnetic state is higher than the Néel temperature of
the antiferromagnetic one by 10 K. Our mean-field calculations attribute such
a spatial and thermodynamic phase separation to the stacking order modulated
interlayer exchange coupling at the twisted interface of the moiré
superlattices. The presented results highlight twist engineering as a promising
tuning knob to realize on-demand control of not only the nanoscale spin order
of moiré quantum matter but also its dynamic magnetic responses, which may
find relevant applications in developing transformative vdW electronic and
magnetic devices.
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