Broadband dielectric spectroscopy of Nb-doped 0.7BiFeO3–0.3BaTiO3 ceramics

Bismuth ferrite-barium titanate (BF-BT) solid solutions are lead-free ferroelectrics that show great promise as the basis for high temperature piezoelectric transducers. This article investigates the dielectric properties of such materials using broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The study focuses on the re-entrant relaxor ferroelectric behaviour of Nb-doped BF-BT ceramics, exploring a wide frequency range from approximately 20 Hz to 30 GHz and temperature from 200 to 500 K. The results reveal the presence of thermally induced transitions between ordered and disordered states. Quantitative analysis of the dielectric dispersion is accomplished using the Cole-Cole model, modified to account for the contribution from conduction losses at low frequencies/high temperatures. This analysis revealed that the freezing temperature of the polar nanoregions is around 158 K, with an activation energy of 0.194 eV. The findings contribute to understanding the dielectric relaxation mechanisms and thermal evolution of functional properties in BiFeO _3 -BaTiO _3 ceramics.