Influence of Photobiomodulation Therapy on Altered Plantar Pressure Distribution and Ankle Biomechanics in Individuals with Diabetic Foot Syndrome

Objectives: Diabetic foot syndrome is becoming increasingly common in India with a prevalence ranging from 24.9% to 49%. Diabetic foot syndrome patients have an increased likelihood of developing ulcers in their feet. Accordingly, this study evaluates the influence of photobiomodulation on altered plantar pressure distribution and ankle biomechanics in individuals with diabetic foot syndrome. Methods: A total of 20 diabetic foot syndrome patients with an absence of 10 g monofilament in one out of six sites at the plantar surface of feet, a biothesiometer for vibration perception threshold of >20 V, and diminished or absent ankle reflexes were included. The evaluation of ankle biomechanics was performed by SIMI motion analysis. In addition, the plantar pressure distribution was measured by the WinTrack pressure platform at baseline and the end of 10 sessions. They were treated with scanning mode on the foot plantar surface and probe laser at the popliteal fossa region for three sessions per week, for ten sessions. Results: Plantar pressure parameters were significantly improved (P<0.01) and ankle biomechanics (P<0.01) after the intervention, respectively, except for no significant difference in the total contact area and ankle midstance kinematics. Discussion: Photobiomodulation therapy can be an effective treatment for improving foot plantar pressure redistribution and ankle biomechanics in individuals with diabetic foot syndrome.