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Full-Cycle Simulations of the Fermilab Booster

Full Cycle Simulations of The Fermilab Booster(2024)

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Abstract
The Proton Improvement Plan phase II (PIP-II) project currently underconstruction at FNAL will replace the existing 400 MeV normal conducting linacwith a new 800 MeV superconducting linac. The beam power in the downstreamrapid-cycling Booster synchrotron will be doubled by raising the machine cyclefrequency from 15 to 20 Hz and by increasing the injected beam intensity by afactor 1.5. This has to be accomplished without raising uncontrolled lossesbeyond the administrative limit of 500 W. In addition, slip-stacking efficiencyin the Recycler, the next machine in the accelerator chain, sets an upper limiton the longitudinal emittance of the beam delivered by the Booster. As part ofan effort to better understand potential losses and emittance blow-up in theBooster, we have been conducting full cycle 6D simulations using the codePyORBIT. The simulations include space charge, wall impedance effects andtransition crossing. In this paper, we discuss our experience with the code andpresent representative results for possible operational scenarios.
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