Non-dimensional numerical analysis of coupled Metal Hydride-Phase Change Material hydrogen storage system
Journal of Energy Storage(2024)
摘要
Efficient storage solutions that decouple energy use and production are pivotal for the green energy transition, due to the non-controllable operation of solar and wind power. In this scenario, hydrogen, and in particular metal hydride storage, has shown excellent potential.In this paper we develop a mathematical model to characterize the operation of several cylindrical Metal Hydride-Phase Change Material tank layouts and to determine the improved configuration in terms of charge/discharge time and power. We use non-dimensional parameters to guide the design of a hybrid metal hydride-phase change material hydrogen storage system. We introduce a critical value for the state of charge of the storage system, equal to ϕc∗=0.15, above which heat exchange dominates the process efficiency. Results show that, when varying the canister main aspect ratio between 5 and 100, the equivalent inlet/outlet power increases by a factor ≈10. The ratio of the thermal conductivities is found to have a significant impact in the desorption phase, where the equivalent power increases by a factor ≈4 when raising the ratio from 0.1 to 0.8.Finally, we evaluate three case studies by introducing three different improved configurations and comparing them with the baseline design. A LaNi5/LiNO3−3H2O system for the storage of 1kWh of H2 exhibits 5.65kW and 0.83kW of average power in absorption and desorption, respectively. Such an improved configuration is 93% faster in charge/discharge process with respect to the baseline design. A coupled Mg2NiH4 - NaNO3 exhibits 2.93 kW and 0.30 kW of average power in absorption and desorption, respectively. This configuration is 81% faster than the baseline design. A coupled Mg2NiH4 - KNO3 exhibits 1.66 kW and 0.56 kW of average power in absorption and desorption, while the cycle time is reduced from 1220 min to 147 min (−88%).
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关键词
Energy storage,Hydrogen storage,Metal hydride,Phase change material
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