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Optimization of Kenaf Fiber Content for the Improvement of the Thermophysical and Mechanical Properties of Adobes

Yale Abdoul Aziz Serebe,Moussa Ouedraogo, Ahmed Douani,Issiaka Sanou, Wend-Kuni Joceline Estelle Zagre,Jean-Emmanuel Aubert,Moussa Gomina,Younoussa Millogo

CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS(2024)

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Abstract
There is a need to develop earth construction materials exhibiting both high thermal and mechanical properties to meet the urgent housing demand arising from population growth challenges in Burkina Faso. To reach this objective, kenaf fibers were introduced into earth bricks (adobes) up to contents of 0.8 wt% and to lengths of 2 or 3 cm. These stabilized adobes were characterized physically, thermally and mechanically. The outcomes indicate that the incorporation of kenaf fibers reduces the volumetric shrinkage observed during the drying process and concurrently reduces the density of the material. It has led to notable improvements in thermal properties, including a decrease in thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity, coupled with an increase in specific heat capacity. In short, incorporating these fibers in clayey matrix enhances the thermal inertia of adobe materials, while simultaneously reducing their thermal absorption capacity, particularly when higher fiber contents and longer fiber lengths are added in clayey matrix. Furthermore, the introduction of fibers improves the compressive and flexural strengths, up to a certain threshold of fiber concentration. However, beyond this threshold, these mechanical properties exhibit a decreasing trend. An optimization study suggests that elaborated adobes containing 0.4 wt% of kenaf fibers permit to obtain the best thermal and mechanical properties.
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Key words
Adobes,Kenaf fibers,Thermophysical properties,Mechanical strength,Optimization
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