Characterization Electrospun Nanofibers Based on Cellulose Triacetate Synthesized from Licorice Root Cellulose

Cellulose triacetate (CTA) nanofibers were formed by electrospinning using two binary solvent systems: methylene chloride/ethanol and chloroform/acetone. Previously, licorice root cellulose (LRC) with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 710 was extracted from licorice root waste by alkaline treatment and hydrogen peroxide bleaching at high temperatures. Then CTA with a degree of substitution (DS) of 2.9 and an average molecular weight of 175 kDa was synthesized from LRC using acetic acid and acetic anhydride, sulfuric acid was as a catalyst. The influence of the electrospinning process and various solvent systems on the morphology and structure of nanofibers is studied. The structure and morphology of the nanofibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and the sorption characteristics were also investigated. The results showed that the morphology and structure of nanofibers depended on the solvent mixture used. The average diameters of the CTA nanofibers with grooved morphology varied 200-700 nm (solvent methylene chloride/ethanol) and the dumbbell-shaped (flat ribbon) CTA nanofibers in a wide range from 200 nm to 4 mkm (solvent chloroform/acetone).