A Novel Compartmental VSLIT Model Used to Analyze the Dynamics of Tuberculosis in Algeria and Ukraine and the Assessment of Vaccination and Treatment Effects

Despite having low rates of tuberculosis (TB) mortality in many countries, like China, Europe, and the United States, some other countries, such as India continue to struggle to contain the epidemic. Our aim is to examine the effects of vaccinations and treatments on the dynamics of TB in two countries, Ukraine and Algeria, with contrasted demographic profiles. A mathematical model called the VSLIT model is considered for this purpose. The stability of both disease-free and endemic equilibrium is discussed qualitatively. For numerical simulations, the parameters are evaluated by the least-squares approach according to the TB-reported data for Algeria and Ukraine in 1990–2020.