Lappodochium Lageniforme Transferred to Botryoderma, with Validation of the Name Botryoderma Rostratum (chaetomiaceae, Sordariales)

The phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of the monotypic genus Lappodochium Matsush. and its constituent species Lappodochium lageniforme Matsush. have long been uncertain. A multilocus phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub2 datasets and morphological data were used to establish relationships of Lappodochium lageniforme within the Chaetomiaceae. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a strongly supported monophyletic clade of Lappodochium lageniforme with Botryoderma strains. These results provide sufficient data to re-examine the phylogenetic position of Lappodochium and propose the new combination Botryoderma lageniforme (Matsush.) Gusmão, G.G.Barreto & M.G.A.Primo. The previously invalidly published B. rostratum is also validated, as B. rostratum Papendorf & H.P.Upadhyay ex Gusmão & G.G.Barreto. We also provide a key and synopsis of all accepted Botryoderma species.