Respiratory Distress in a Neonate: Inflation of a Third Branchial Anomaly with Positive Airway Pressure

Key Clinical Message Positive airway pressure from noninvasive ventilation is an essential tool for many pediatric patients with respiratory distress. We present a case of an unknown third branchial anomaly that was diagnosed following inflation with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which exacerbated the infant's respiratory distress.