Innovative encapsulation of alkali activators in alkali-activated slag concrete: A sustainable strategy for regulating setting time and durability

The scientific community has devoted considerable attention to alkali-activated slag binder systems, due to the low-carbon footprint and eco-friendly attributes. However, the regulation of setting time poses significant challenges to the widespread application in practical engineering environments. This study proposes an innovative approach to encapsulate alkali activators in capsules or tablets, followed by the incorporation into the alkali slag concrete matrix. This strategy aims to regulate and control the early dissolution and hydration rate of slag, thereby altering the setting time of the alkali-activated material. Specifically, this method can prolong the setting time by approximately 40%. Importantly, this intervention does not significantly damage the mechanical properties of materials over the 28 days due to the continuous outward diffusion of the active ingredients of the alkali activator. This encapsulation technique harbors the capacity for quantitative modulation of the setting time in alkali-activated slag concrete. The findings of this research offer valuable theoretical insights, paving the way for the application of alkali-activated hydration systems in diverse engineering domains.