Exploring Neurodegenerative Disorders Using Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Glymphatic System

Jannik Prasuhn,Jiadi Xu,Jun Hua,Peter van Zijl,Linda Knutsson

Frontiers in psychiatry（2024）SCI 3区

Johns Hopkins Univ | Hugo W Moser Res Inst Kennedy Krieger

Cited 0|Views15

Abstract

The glymphatic system, a macroscopic waste clearance system in the brain, is crucial for maintaining neural health. It facilitates the exchange of cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid, aiding the clearance of soluble proteins and metabolites and distributing essential nutrients and signaling molecules. Emerging evidence suggests a link between glymphatic dysfunction and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s disease. These disorders are characterized by the accumulation and propagation of misfolded or mutant proteins, a process in which the glymphatic system is likely involved. Impaired glymphatic clearance could lead to the buildup of these toxic proteins, contributing to neurodegeneration. Understanding the glymphatic system’s role in these disorders could provide insights into their pathophysiology and pave the way for new therapeutic strategies. Pharmacological enhancement of glymphatic clearance could reduce the burden of toxic proteins and slow disease progression. Neuroimaging techniques, particularly MRI-based methods, have emerged as promising tools for studying the glymphatic system in vivo. These techniques allow for the visualization of glymphatic flow, providing insights into its function under healthy and pathological conditions. This narrative review highlights current MRI-based methodologies, such as motion-sensitizing pulsed field gradient (PFG) based methods, as well as dynamic gadolinium-based and glucose-enhanced methodologies currently used in the study of neurodegenerative disorders.

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Key words

neurodegeneration,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,glymphatic system,neuroimaging

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【要点】：本文探讨了使用先进的磁共振成像技术研究脑淋巴系统在神经退行性疾病中的作用，提出了淋巴功能障碍与神经退行性疾病病理机制的关联，并强调了基于MRI的方法在研究淋巴系统功能方面的潜力。

【方法】：本文通过回顾文献，总结了当前用于研究神经退行性疾病的基于MRI的方法，包括运动敏感脉冲场梯度（PFG）方法、动态钆增强方法和葡萄糖增强方法。

【实验】：作者没有详细说明具体的实验过程和使用的数据集名称，但提出这些方法可以帮助可视化淋巴流动，了解健康和病理状态下的淋巴功能，为研究神经退行性疾病的病理生理学提供了新的视角。

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