Wearable Sweat Management Technologies

The aging population and increasing prevalence of diseases among younger individuals have heightened the pressing demand for wearable health monitoring devices among the general public. In comparison to self‐health monitoring at physical signal level, wearable biochemical monitoring can provide more comprehensive and insightful information regarding one's own health status. Wearable sweat‐sensing technologies hold great potential for non‐invasive and continuous biochemical monitoring, and have emerged as a focal point of wearable health monitoring research. The effective management of sweat, encompassing convenient induction, reliable collection, and efficient flow control and storage, is fundamental in wearable sweat sensing. To elucidate the research progression in these aspects, this review first summarizes sweat secretion mechanisms, induction method, and sampling mode. Additionally, detailed summaries and discussion on sweat sampling and transport modes are provided. Furthermore, within the context of epidermal microfluidics, the technologies on sweat flow control and storage management based on microvalves are discussed. Lastly, current commercialization and key challenges are summarized.