Successful Rescue TNF-α Blocking for Mycobacterium Genavense – Related Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Case Report

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has been reported in immunocompromised patients with disseminated Mycobacterium genavense. Management relies on high-dose corticosteroids.We describe two cases of late-onset corticosteroid-refractory IRIS related to disseminated infection in a HIV-positive patient and a renal transplant patient who had a favorable outcome with a monoclonal TNF-α blocker.