38 Impacts of Racial Discrimination on Cognitive and Affective Processes and Drug-Cue Reactivity

Devin Butler,Cristina Risco,Edward Bernat

Journal of Clinical and Translational Science（2024）

University of Maryland

Cited 0|Views2

Abstract

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our overarching aim is to examine, in an African American population, cognitive, affective, and neurophysiological processes, as well as risk-taking behavior, in response to racial stigma cues. While accounting for individual differences, we aim to see how these processes and drug-cue reactivity are impacted or altered by exposure to racial cues. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Participants will be African Americans between 18 and 25 years of age, equally distributed across genders. We will recruit 75 participants in order to have adequate power to conduct our intended analyses—particularly pertaining to individual differences in risk behavior outcomes. Participants will be asked to complete demographic and self-report questionnaires. Participants will also be asked to complete computerized tasks while their physiological responses (heart rate, skin conductance, and electroencephalographic (EEG) data) are recorded. The tasks are as follow: resting, gambling, go/no-go, picture viewing (positive, negative, and neutral images), and a drug cue image set. These tasks will be repeated after the participant views a racial stigma image set to evaluate the impact of discrimination. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Data from 18 participants has been collected. Data will be periodically preprocessed and validated (e.g., 1 participant was removed due to data recording errors, so the current valid Nis 17). Generally, we anticipate that behaviors and neural activity will be modulated across all tasks after viewing the racial stigma image set. Specifically, (a) cognitive and affective processing of singular events of racial stigma may indicate a stress response, (b) modulation from chronic experiences of racial stigma render neural systems increasingly sensitive to stigma cues, and thereby less equipped to regulate stress response, (c) the impact of these processes on altering risk behavior (may increase such behaviors), and (d) the impact of these modulations on altering drug-cue reactivity (may amplify reactivity). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: The study will identify factors that contribute to stress and risk behavior among African Americans. A substantial gap continues to exist regarding the nature of risk behavior among African Americans, despite the fact that African Americans represent a health disparity population with unique vulnerabilities to health-relevant risk behavior.

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【要点】：研究旨在探究非洲裔美国人在种族歧视线索下的认知、情感以及神经生理过程，及其对药物线索反应性的影响。

【方法】：通过对18至25岁非洲裔美国人群进行人口学问卷和自我报告问卷，并在执行多种计算机化任务（包括休息、赌博、反应时、图片观看和药物线索图片任务）的同时记录其生理反应（心率、皮肤电导和脑电图）。

【实验】：目前已收集了18名参与者的数据，数据将定期预处理和验证。预期结果为，在查看种族歧视图片集后，所有任务中的行为和神经活动将被调整，具体表现为对单一种族歧视事件的认知和情感处理可能表明压力反应，慢性种族歧视经历可能导致神经系统的敏感性增加，从而降低压力反应调节能力，这些过程可能改变风险行为及药物线索反应性。