Design of High-Gain Antenna Arrays for Terahertz Applications

A terahertz band (0.1-10 THz) has the characteristics of rich spectrum resources, high transmission speed, strong penetration, and clear directionality. However, the terahertz signal will suffer serious attenuation and absorption during transmission. Therefore, a terahertz antenna with high gain, high efficiency, and wide bandwidth is an indispensable key component of terahertz wireless systems and has become a research hotspot in the field of antennas. In this paper, a high-gain broadband antenna is presented for terahertz applications. The antenna is a three-layer structure, fed by a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW), using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) material as the dielectric substrate, and the metal through-hole of the dielectric substrate forms a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) structure. The metal fence structure is introduced to reduce the coupling effect between the radiation patches and increase the radiation bandwidth and gain. The center frequency is 0.6366 THz, the operating bandwidth is 0.61-0.68 THz, the minimum value of the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) is 1.00158, and the peak gain is 13.14 dBi. In addition, the performance of the designed antenna with a different isolation structure, the length of the connection line, the height of the substrate, the radius of the through-hole, and the thickness of the patch is also studied.