Associations of Salivary Aldosterone Levels During Pregnancy with Maternal Blood Pressure and Birth Weight-for-gestational Age in a Mexico City Birth Cohort

Objective To determine associations of maternal salivary aldosterone with blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy and infant birth weight-for-gestational age (BWGA). Methods We measured maternal salivary aldosterone, BP and BWGA z-scores in 471 Mexico City pregnancy cohort participants and performed multivariable linear regression of BP and BWGA on log-aldosterone levels. Results Log-aldosterone was positively associated with diastolic BP ( β = 0.12 95% CI: 0.04, 0.21). There were no main effects of log-aldosterone on BWGA. However, we detected an interaction between log-aldosterone and BP in association with BWGA; higher log-aldosterone was associated with lower BWGA in the lowest ( β = −0.12, 95% CI: -0.26, 0.02) and highest (β = −0.12, 95% CI: −0.29, 0.06) BP tertiles. In contrast, in the middle BP tertile the association was positive (β = 0.09, 95% CI: −0.02, 0.20), p for interaction = 0.03. Conclusion Higher maternal salivary aldosterone is positively associated with diastolic BP and may affect fetal growth differently depending on concurrent maternal blood pressure.