Rehabilitation interventions targeting the activity and participation of patient with neuromuscular diseases: what do we know? A systematic review

Background To be objective and achievable, the rehabilitation goals must be focused on the functional expectations of patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD). Objective Investigate rehabilitation programs that are able to modify the activity/participation of patients with NMD. Data search: Embase, BVS/Lilacs, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), CINAHL/EBSCO, and Medline were searched in June 2021. It was last updated in March 2023. Methods Randomized controlled trials investigating any rehabilitation therapy for patients with NMD with an outcome encompassing the activity/participation components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) were included. Pharmacological therapy studies were excluded. The results were synthesized according to the ICF core sets for NMD. The methodological quality and level of evidence were assessed using PEDro criteria and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). This systematic review followed the PRISMA 2020 guideline and was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020209359). Results Of a total of 1943 identified studies, 12 were included in this review with a methodological quality between regular and good. Light to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise was the most studied intervention. The mobility was assessed in all included studies. Conclusion The variability of the types of NMD and the small sample size of the included studies demonstrates that there is very limited evidence of interventions focused on the activity/participation of individuals with NMD. Light to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise seems to improve the mobility, self-care, and social participation of patients with NMD, especially those with slow progression.