A Review on Magnetic Smart Skin as Human-Machine Interfaces

In recent years, there is a meteoric rise in the prevalence of electronic wearables, and flexible wearables have attracted tremendous attention in human-machine interfaces due to their high biocompatibility, functionality, conformability, and low-cost. Flexible magnetic smart skin is part of this rapidly progressing field of flexible wearable electronics, which has paved the way for a new path for human perceptual development, as they may form a new perception, also known as magnetic sense, that is, the capacity to detect and interact with magnetic fields. In this review, the concept of the magnetic smart skin is defined: magnetoelastomers and flexible magnetic sensors. In magnetoelastomers, different sources of magnetic field, structures, and applications are summarized by recent and renowned research. In flexible magnetic sensors, different flexible substrates, sensor types, and applications are also summarized. This review further concludes by discussing the outlook and current challenges of magnetic smart skin in human-machine interfaces. This article explores the emerging field of flexible magnetic smart skin, a key element in the realm of wearable electronics. These flexible devices offer biocompatibility, versatility, and a low cost, creating new opportunities for human perception and interaction with magnetic fields. The review discusses magnetoelastomers and flexible magnetic sensors, and addresses the current landscape and challenges in the development of magnetic smart skin for human-machine interfaces.image