Optimization of Frequency Dynamic Characteristics in Microgrids: an Improved MPC-VSG Control

For the power imbalance caused by the load switching in microgrids (MGs), which in turn causes the frequency crossing limit problem. In this paper, we propose an improved model predictive control (MPC) based on the existing MPC-VSG control, combining adaptive inertia damping control and adaptive weight coefficient control for joint control, and adjusting the inertia damping coefficient of VSG in real-time by adaptive inertia damping control. In MPC control, the measured parameters at the current moment are used to predict the state quantities at the future moment, and then the target function is designed with the angular frequency deviation and the VSG power output as performance indicators, and the weight coefficients in the target function are updated in realtime by detecting the frequency deviation. After solving the objective function to obtain the required power compensation, the power reference value of the VSG is updated to optimize the dynamic response of the frequency. Experiment and comparison analysis with two existing methods show that the proposed method can further optimize the frequency response and smooth the output power of other power supply components in the microgrid when they are disturbed.