Energy Management Strategy of a Green Port Serving Emission-Free Ferries Considering EV Parking Lot Availability

While the role of transportation is indispensable in daily life, the transportation sector is one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With the utilization of green vehicles in transportation systems and the adoption of renewable energy sources in power systems, it becomes possible to achieve an environmentally friendly transportation system. In this paper, an energy management algorithm for a port power system is presented, including a solar-based local power production unit serving hybrid ferries having fuel cell/battery, as well as an electric vehicle (EV) parking lot, allowing for bi-directional power flow between the port and the grid. The proposed concept enables dual integrated green transportation with the possibility of parking EVs to the lot and then continuing to journey via another green transportation option. The stochasticity regarding the photovoltaic plant (PVP) and EV behaviors are taken into consideration under a real-time rolling horizon optimization framework. Minimizing the operational cost of the port related to the energy consumption is the objective function in this novel transportation-to-transportation integration concept. Numerous case studies have been developed and tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested algorithm.