Research progress on the mechanism of anti-myocardial infarction effect and clinical application of effective components of Salvia miltiorrhiza

Salvia miltiorrhiza , a plant in the Labiatae family, is a traditional Chinese herb. The small molecular components in S. miltiorrhiza can be divided into tanshinones and salvianolic acids, which have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), interleukin-1 β (IL-1 β ), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and some apoptosis factors. At the same time, these components can also play a protective effect on cardiomyocytes by activating Akt/ERK1/2/Nrf2 pathway, JAK2/STAT3 pathway, PI3K /Akt and Erk1/2 pathway. Moreover, polysaccharide is one of the main macromolecule active components of S. miltiorrhiza , which plays an antioxidant and myocardial protective role by reducing myocardial malondialdehyde, serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Meanwhile, The above mechanisms are also the main way in which the clinical resistance of S. miltiorrhiza to cardiovascular disease. This study reviewed the mechanism and clinical application of the main medicinal components of S. miltiorrhiza in myocardial infarction.