Asymmetry in circulation system and cardiovascular diseases

Asymmetries in the human vascular system and cardiovascular disease are widespread. Vascular physiological asymmetry can manifest in the morphological structure and blood flow state, whereas pathological asymmetry can reflect differences in the occurrence and cure of bilateral vascular diseases. The causes associated with these asymmetrical differences may be demand-driven or due to vascular grading or asymmetries in other physiological systems. This article aims to review the asymmetry of several typical arteries, including cerebral, cervical, and limb arteries, and lists possible causes to emphasize the necessity of considering asymmetric factors in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of vascular diseases. Future research on asymmetries in the vascular system may improve the risk assessment and personalized treatment of vascular diseases.