Cytokine Profile and Markers of Fat Metabolism in Bronchial Asthma Patients with Obesity and Multimorbidity

BACKGROUND: The number of people with multimorbidity has been steadily increasing in recent years. In patients with bronchial asthma, the level of control and cytokine profile with markers of fat metabolism may depend on body mass index and the presence of multimorbidity. AIM: To assess the relationships of disease control level, cytokine profile, adiponectins and oxidant stress level in asthma patients depending on body mass index and multimorbidity MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with asthma (n = 237) were divided into 3 groups depending on body mass index. We analyzed multimorbid pathology, assessed asthma control according to Asthma Control Questionnaire-5; determined interleukin-6, -4, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, degree of oxidative damage to biomolecules, antioxidant capacity of serum, leptin, adiponectin levels. Statistical analysis: Microsoft Excel, Statistica 12.0, Statgraphics XVIII. RESULTS: There were significantly more (p 0.05) comorbidities among the obese and asthma patients. The levels of leptin, resistin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and degree of oxidative damage to biomolecules were significantly higher in the obese group. Direct correlations were found between body mass index, cumulative pathology rating scale, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 and interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, degree of oxidative damage to biomolecules, leptin, and resistin control levels of asthma. An inverse correlation with adiponectin was detected with body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: Authentic increase of adipokins and anti-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indexes and decrease of anti-inflammatory effects of adiponectin are noted in patients with asthma and obese patients. Multimorbidity further contributes to the development of systemic inflammation in patients with asthma. Obesity and multimorbidity are factors complicating the achievement of asthma control.