Insight of pandemic covid-19: developments and challenges

This review focuses on the characteristics of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)including virus structure, ecoepidemiology and pathophysiology, signs and symptoms in infectedpeople, and data on virus pathogenicity, severity, and survivability in COVID-19 infected patients. Theemphasis is on immunological reactions, diagnosis, prophylactic methods, and the zoonoticsignificance of COVID-19. The authors feel that the review's contents will be valuable toepidemiologists, virologists, public health officials, diagnosticians, laboratory workers,environmentalists, and socioeconomic experts. It has information on the many types of coronavirusvariants, the disease situation in Pakistan and the WHO criteria for COVID-19 prevention is given.Moreover, lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic are also outlined.