Efficacy of single antibiotic therapy versus antibiotic combination in implant-free staphylococcal spinal infections: a retrospective observational study

Abstract Background Post-surgical spinal infections (pSSIs) are a serious complication of spinal surgeries, with Staphylococcus spp. being one of the most prominent bacteria identified. Optimal antimicrobial therapy for staphylococcal spinal infections without spinal implants is not well documented. Methods This single center retrospective 7-year observational study described and compared the outcome (treatment failure or mortality at 1 year) of 20 patients with staphylococcal-implant-free pSSI treated with single or combination antibiotics. Results Median duration of treatment was 40 days (IQR 38–42), with 6 days (IQR 5–7) on intravenous antibiotics and 34 days (IQR 30–36) on oral therapy. Four patients (20%) underwent new surgical debridement, all due to surgical failure, and 1 patient died within the first year without statistical differences between both group of treatment. Conclusion This study raises the possibility of single antibiotic therapy for patients with implant-free post-surgical spinal infections due to Staphylococcus spp.