Status and Performance of the ASTRI-Horn Dual Mirror Air-Cherenkov Telescope after a Major Maintenance and Refurbishment Intervention

Giuseppe Leto, Giancarlo Bellassai，Giuseppe Sottile,Gino Tosti

Proceedings of 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2023)（2023）

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Abstract

The ASTRI-Horn telescope has been developed under the leadership of the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) as a prototype of a compact aplanatic dual-mirror (4 m diameter) Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) with a large FoV (8◦). It is the pathfinder of the small-size telescopes adopted for both the ASTRI Mini-Array (Tenerife, Canary Islands) and the SST/CTA array (Paranal, Chile) to perform 1-200 TeV gamma-ray astronomy with an unprecedented combination of high angular/energy resolution and flux sensitivity across a large Field of View. ASTRI-Horn is a complete end-to-end system; since 2014 it is installed in Italy at the INAF "M.G. Fracastoro" observing station (Mt. Etna, Sicily). The telescope already successfully demonstrated, first time ever, the optical behavior of a dual-mirror Schwarzschild-Couder telescope as a Cherenkov system, and also obtained the first gamma-ray source detection, the Crab Nebula. During 2020-2022, ASTRI-Horn - which operates in a harsh environment on an active volcano - has been subject to significant maintenance and refurbishment to restore systems and improve performance. Mirrors have been substituted, adopting high-performance new-recipe coatings, and the camera electronics has been further optimized. Now the telescope is extensively used for cosmic rays, gamma rays, and muon-radiography of the Etna volcano investigations.

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【要点】：本文介绍了ASTRI-Horn双镜空气切伦科夫望远镜在经历了一次大型维护和翻新后的状态和性能，其在gamma射线天文学领域实现了高角分辨率、高能量分辨率及高灵敏度。

【方法】：研究采用了替换镜片并采用新型高性能涂层，以及优化相机电子系统的方法来提高望远镜性能。

【实验】：经过2020-2022年的维护和翻新，ASTRI-Horn望远镜在意大利西西里岛埃特纳火山上的INAF "M.G. Fracastoro"观测站进行了一系列观测实验，使用的数据集包括宇宙射线、gamma射线及对埃特纳火山的muon-radiography研究，望远镜成功恢复了系统并提升了性能。

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