Maternal Healthcare Use by Women with Disabilities in Rajasthan, India: a Secondary Analysis of the Annual Health Survey

Background Women with disabilities face a number of barriers when accessing reproductive health services, including maternal healthcare. These include physical inaccessibility, costs, transportation, negative attitudes from family and healthcare providers, and a societal belief people with disabilities shouldn’t be parents. While qualitative studies have uncovered these barriers, there is limited quantitative research to determine their impact on use of maternal health services. This study aims to analyze associations between disability and maternal healthcare use among married women in Rajasthan. Methods This study is a secondary analysis of the Indian Annual Heath Survey first wave data from 2011. The sample includes 141,983 women aged 15–49 who had given birth between 2007 and 2009. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between disability and use of antenatal, delivery, and postnatal care. Stratified models were created to analyze difference based on birth order of the pregnancy and whether the woman’s place of residence is rural or urban. Results The prevalence of disability was 1.23%. Attending at least three antenatal care visits was reported by 50.66% of the sample, skilled delivery use by 83.81%, and receiving postnatal care within 48 hours of birth by 76.02%. In the regression model, women with disabilities were less likely to report attending the minimum antenatal care visits (OR = 0.84; CI: 0.76, 0.92). No association was found between disability and skilled delivery or postnatal care. Once the sample was stratified by birth order, women with disabilities reporting their first birth were more likely to report receiving postnatal care than women without disabilities (OR = 1.47; CI: 1.13, 1.91). Conclusion Additional research is needed to determine use of maternal healthcare among women with disabilities in India. Maternal services need to be assessed to determine their accessibility, especially regarding recent laws requiring accessibility.