Development of a Miniature Integrated Heavy Metal Sensor Based on Composite Electrode Materials and Printed Electronics Technologies

This paper reports an innovative, low cost, and efficient heavy metal sensor with an ink jet printed carbon composite electrode for advanced electrochemical sensing. The electrochemical sensor consists of three electrodes, including composite carbon as a working and counter electrode and silver paste/silver chloride as a reference electrode. The sensor was tested using anode stripping voltammetry measurements of model solutions. The detection limit achieved was 10 ·10 ⁻⁹ mol/L.